 GENRERAL DESCRIPTION
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 LPILE 2022 |
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LPILE Plus is a special-purpose program based on rational procedures for
analyzing a pile under lateral loading. The program computes deflection,
shear, bending moment, and soil response with respect to depth in nonlinear
soils. Components of the stiffness matrix at the pile head may be computed
internally by the program to help the users in their super-structure analysis.
Several pile lengths may be automatically checked by the program in order
to help the user produce a design with an optimum pile penetration. Soil
behavior is modeled with p-y curves internally generated by the computer
program following published recommendations for various types of soils;
alternatively, the user can manually introduce other p-y curves. Special
procedures are programmed for developing p-y curves for layered soils and
for rocks. Several types of pile-head boundary conditions may be selected,
and the properties of the pile can also vary as a function of depth.
LPILE Plus has capabilities to compute the ultimate-moment capacity of
a pile's section and can provide design information for rebar arrangement.
The user may optionally ask the program to generate and take into account
nonlinear values of flexural stiffness (EI) which are generated internally
based on specified pile dimensions, material properties, and cracked/ uncracked
concrete behavior.
 LIST OF FEATURES
- LIST OF FEATURESFive sets of boundary conditions are available to model
the pile head: free head, pinned head with sway, fixed head with sway,
or elastically-restrained with a rotational spring. Depending on boundary
conditions, pile-head loading may consist of a lateral load, a bending
moment, a specific lateral displacement, or a specific pile-head rotation.
The ability to specify both deflection and rotation at the pile head is
a useful feature available in LPILE Plus.
- The user may optionally ask the program to generate and take into account
nonlinear values of flexural stiffness (EI). These values are generated
internally by the program based on cracked/uncracked concrete behavior
and user-specified pile dimensions, and material properties. Version 5
allows the user to define multiple sections with nonlinear bending properties.
This new feature enables the designer to quickly evaluate the benefits
for reducing part of the reinforcing steel in the lower sections of a drilled
shaft, as is common used in practice.
- Up to ten different load cases may be applied at the pile head in a single
analytical run. This is a helpful feature for the quick observation of
pile behavior subjected to specific increments of lateral loads, bending
moments, lateral displacements, or pile-head rotations.
- A set of distributed lateral loading may be applied anywhere along the
length of the pile. Loading may be specified as constant or varying linearly
with depth.
- Four values (Kyy, Kyθ, Kθy, and Kθθ) of a typical 6x6
matrix for foundation stiffness may be generated by the program for a range
of loading. Values are helpful as nonlinear foundation models in superstructure
analysis.
- A user-specified curve may be used to model the additional shear resistance
provided by the soil at the base of large-diameter drilled shafts and/or
short piles.
- LPILE Plus has the capability to perform push-over analyses and can study
the pile behavior after the development of plastic hinges (yielding).
- Several pile lengths can be automatically checked by the LPILE Plus program
in order to help the user produce a design with an optimum pile penetration.
- Soil-resistance (p-y) curves can be internally generated by the program
for the following soils: soft clay, stiff clay with or without free water,
sand (Reese et al), sand (API), silt (c-o soils), liquefied sand, strong
rock, and weak rock. The p-y curves may be printed at any depth for reviews
or reference.
- Users may optionally input their own soil-resistance (p-y) curves for certain
soil depths.
- A special subroutine effectively incorporates the influence of layered
soils.
- User-defined multipliers are provided to increase or reduce the soil resistance
(p-y curves) at any points along the length of the pile. This feature is
used in seismic conditions to reduce the response of liquefied layers or
to account for Group Effects.
- Linear interpolation of bending stiffness is computed for piles with varying
cross sections.
- The Graphics menu contains quick observations of results contained in the
output file (variations of pile deflection, bending moment, shear and soil
resistance with pile depth). The user can customized charts to prepare
various engineering plots in high quality for presentation and report.
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GROUP 2022 |
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A Program for the Analysis of Pile in a Group
GROUP has been well accepted as a valuable design tool for analyzing the
behavior of pile in a group subjected to both axial and lateral loadings.
The program computes the distribution of loads (combination of vertical,
lateral, and overturning moment in up to three orthogonal axes) from the
pile cap to piles arranged in a group.
The piles may be installed vertically or on a batter and their heads may
be fixed, pinned, or elastically restrained by the pile cap.
The program wil generate internally the nonlinear response of the soil,
in the form of t-z and q-q curves for axial loading, in the form of p-y
curves for lateral loading.
The p-y, t-z q-w and t-r curves may be generated internally ,emplyoing
recommnendations in technical literature, or may be entered manually by
the user.
The pile-head forces and movements are introduced into equations that yield
the behavior of the pile group in a grobal coordinate system.
The program can internally compute the deflection, bending moment, shear,
and soil resistance as a function of depth for each pile.
LIST OF FEATURES
- Three boundary conditions are available for pile-head connections to the
rigid cap: pinned, fixed, or elastically restrained.
- p-y curves may be input by the user or may be automatically generated by
the program and printed for review.
- This program can provide data for evaluating the pile-cap stiffness, often
used by structural engineers for foundation simulation in their numerical
models.
- The graphical observation of output curves features a new interface that
allows zooming of areas of particular interest.
The user may thus observe the detailed behavioral measurements of any portion
of the depth of each pile sub-group.
- The type and number of graphs generated by GROUP 2022 have been increased
over previous versions.
More importantly, the program plots the force and displacement on the pile
cap, such as the axial force (tension and compression) of each pile on
the pile cap, llateral forces (shear and moment) of each pile on the pile
cap, and the displacement of the pile cap in different directions.
- The program allows for up to 2000 piles in a group, and each pile can have
diffrent EI values in orthogonal directions.
- The program will consider the nonlinear bending stiffness(EI) of each pile
during computation. The user can enter nonlinear moment-curvature curves
under different axial loads for each pile.
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